Friday, 2 November 2018

Yemen, a Tribute to the Demise of Global Governing Bodies, International Law and Universal Rights & Public Policy RL Vol XII No 335 MMXVIII


Yemen, a Tribute to the Demise of
Global Governing Bodies, International Law and Universal Rights & Public Policy
Public lecture RL Vol XII No 335 MMXVIII
Costantinos Berhutesfa Costantinos, PhD
President, Lem Ethiopia: Environment Development Society
Abstract
Yemen was for centuries the centre of civilisation and wealth on the Arabian Peninsula. The Romans referred to the area as Arabia Felix, or Happy Arabia. Its once fertile plains were irrigated with the aid of the great Ma'rib Dam built around 700 B.C. by the biblical Sheba and chronicles speak of the land as Frankincense country, whose cities brimmed with all sorts of goods and provided the major link between the Mediterranean world and the fabled Indian ports. Nevertheless, there are views that some inaccurately speculate that the conflict in Yemen is mostly the result of a proxy geopolitical war between Iran and Saudi Arabia in the broader Middle East. However, Iran’s role and influence in the conflict have been greatly exaggerated. The Houthis have been around for some time, and to their credit, they tried a number of non-violent approaches to former governments for years, in an attempt to end discrimination against their community. Eventually they were compelled to resort to violence where the Yemeni government, already under al Qaeda siege, was an easy target”. A military intervention was launched by Saudi Arabia in 2015, leading a coalition of nine African and Middle East countries, to influence the outcome of the Yemeni Civil War in favour of the government of President Hadi. Today, a military alliance battling Houthi rebels negotiated secret deals and recruited al-Qaeda fighters. There is now a clear and present danger of an imminent and great big famine and cholera engulfing the country.

 Baron
Jamal Khashoggi’s murder could have major repercussions for Saudi Arabia’s crown prince, MbS and for the entire kingdom (Wright, 2018). A solution in Yemen’s two and-a-half year-old civil war will likely come through military rather than political means, the country’s Saudi-backed president said, blaming the Iran-backed Al Houthis of obstructing chances of peace, but Egypt was humiliated and bankrupted in the sixties in its Yemen intervention. Hence, others say it is necessary to initiate an immediate ceasefire with the help of the international community, and start the peace negotiations in a multilateral context in order to establish an inclusive government in the war-torn country. On the other side, the Houthis argue that a negotiated settlement should begin with the formation of a national reconciliation government that includes the Houthis and those aligned with Hadi that would oversee military disengagement and the rebuilding of a single national military under its command. Peace would begin with a political settlement and then proceed to military disengagement.  After the Saudi-led coalition declared the entire Saada Governorate a military target, the UN and Human Rights Watch said that air strikes by the Saudi-led coalition on Saada city in Yemen were in breach of international law. On 1 July 2015 UN declared a level-three emergency – the highest UN emergency level – for a period of six months. Yemen is now a tribute to a 21st century catastrophe of international law, public policy and global governance institutions. To reduce this action to some sadistic aim is too simplistic; there is a sense of frustration in the Gulf and the West seems to be tending to its vexation with oxygen that is fuelling the inferno. It is morally wrong, but morality is an alien concept in Arab polity and indeed, in any of the systems that claim the moral high ground to change it.
Key words: Yemen, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Houthis, Hadi, Saleh, famine, cholera, international law,
See lecture here or  https://www.academia.edu/37687180/Yemen_a_Tribute_to_the_Demise_of_Global_Governing_Bodies_International_Law_and_Universal_Rights_and_Public_Policy
Cartoon credit - 'Weighed in the balance' Cartoon by Ella Baron

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